Egypt

Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) is an independent state entity and the central banker of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The bank, formed in January 1961, is given full financial, technical, and administrative autonomy under the Egyptian Constitution and Law 194/2020. Headed by the Governor, Hassan Abdalla, the bank is the sole issuer of the national currency of Egypt and the body mandated to manage Egypt's reserves in terms of gold and foreign currencies, as well as developing the monetary policies of the country to stabilize prices and control inflation. Apart from its economic role, the organization acts as the overall supervisor of the country's financial sector by implementing stringent capital requirements to the commercial banks and initiating digital finance systems such as InstaPay system and is the representative of Egypt in the international financial institutions like IMF.

The Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) develops and implements monetary, credit, and banking policies to maintain price stability and control inflation, and it ensures the well-being of the nation's financial sector. Through the application of policy instruments such as the manipulation of interest rates and reserve requirements of commercial banks, it controls the money supply in the markets and takes care of macroprudential well-being. It is the exclusive body responsible for the issuance of the nation's currency, the Egyptian pound (EGP), and the management of its huge stock of gold and foreign currency reserves. Apart from currency activities, it serves as the chief financial and economic advisor to the government of Egypt and takes care of the external debt of both the nation's government and the private sector, including setting up national payment systems like the domestic instant cash app InstaPay and consumer data regulations for all sorts of FinTech banks.